Probiotics - A Review
Abstract
work on elucidation of the mechanisms of the most common probiotic strains. The results that might arise from could be extremely important because the use of probiotics to maintain health must be considered promising, although much remains to be elucidated. The universal use of some strains seems less reasonable from an ecological point of view than selection of strains from their natural habitat were they are adapted to the ecological niche. It is important to understand that all probiotic strains are unique and different and their properties and characteristics should be well defined.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Vankerckhoven V, Huys G, Vancanneyt M, Vael C, Klare I, Romond M, Entenza , Moreillon, P, Wind R, Know J, Wiertz E, Pot B, Vaughn E, Kahlmeter G, Goossens H. Biosafety assessment of probiotics used for human consumption: recommendations from the EU-PROSAFE project. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2008; 19: 102–114.
Lin WH, Hwang CF, Chen LW, Tsen H. Viable counts, characteristic evaluation for commercial lactic acid bacteria products. Food Microbiol. 2006; 23:74–81.
Carr J, Ibrahim SA. Viability of Bifidobacterium in commercial yogurt products in
North Carolina. Milchwissenschaft 2005; 60: 414–416.
Al-Otaibi, MM. Evaluation of some probiotic fermented milk products from Al-
Ahsa markets, Saudi Arabia. Am. J. Food Technol. 2009; 4:1–8.
Mills S, Stanton C, Fitzgerald G, Ross RP. Enhancing the stress responses of
probiotics for a lifestyle from gut to product and back again. Microbial Cell Factories
S19. 2011; (http://www.microbialcellfactories.com/content/10/S1/S19).
Xu HS, Roberts N, Singleton FL, Attwell RW, Grimes DJ, Colwell RR. Survival
and viability of non culturable Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholera in the estuarine
and marine environment. Microb. Ecol. 1982; 8: 313–323.
Lahtinen SJ, Ahokoski H, Reinikainen JP, Gueimonde M, Nurmi J, Ouwenhand AC,
Salminen SJ. Degradation of 16S rRNA and attributes of viability of viable
but non culturable probiotic bacteria. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2008; 46: 693–698.
Conway PL, Henriksson A. Strategies for the isolation and characterization of
functional probiotics. In: Gibson, S.A.W. (Ed.), Human Health: The Contribution of Microorganisms, 1994; vol. 1. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Vinderola CG, Reinheimer JA. 1999. Culture media for the enumeration of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus in the presence of yoghurt bacteria.
Int. Dairy J. 1999; 9: 497–505.
Hartemink R, Rombouts FM. Comparison of media for the detection of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and total anaerobes from faecal samples. J. Microbiol. Methods .1999; 36 (3): 181–192.
Roy D. Media for the isolation and enumeration of bifidobacteria in dairy products.
Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2001; 69:167–182.
Breed R, Dotterrer WD. The number of colonies allowable on satisfactory agar plates. J. Bacteriol. 1916;1: 321–331.
Sohrabvandi S, Mortazavian AM, Dolatkhnejad MR, Monfared AB. Suitability of MRS−bile agar for the selective enumeration of mixed probiotic bacteria in presence of mesophilic lactic acid cultures and yoghurt bacteria. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology. 2012; 10: 16–21.
Champagne CP, Ross RP, Saarela M, Hansen KF, Charalampopulos D. Recommendations for the viability assessment of probiotics as concentrated cultures and in food matrices. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2011; 149: 185–193.
Kepner RJ, Pratt JR. Use of fluorochromes for direct enumeration of total bacteria
in environmental samples: past and present. Microbiol. Rev.1994; 58: 603–615.
Brooker BE. Imaging food systems by confocal scanning laser microscopy. In:
Dickinson, E. (Ed.), New Physico-chemical Techniques for the Characterization of
Complex Food Systems. Blackie Academic and Profession, London, United Kingdom,
; pp. 43–68.
Heertje I, van der Vlist P, Blonk JCG, Hendrickx HAC, Brackenhof GJ. Confocal scanning laser microscopy in food research: some observations. Food Microstruct. 1987; 6: 115–120.
Caldwell DE, Korber DR, Lawrence JR. Confocal laser microscopy and digital image analysis in microbial ecology. Adv. Microb. Ecol. 1992; 12: 1–67.
Auty MAE, Gardinere GC, Mc Breaty SJ, O'Sullivan EO, Muerill DM, Collins JK,
Fitzgerald GJ, Stanton C, Ross RP. Direct in situ viability assessment of bacteria
in probiotic dairy products using viability staining in conjunction with confocal
scanning laser microscopy. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001; 67, 420–425.
Villlarreal MLM, Padiha M, Vieira ADS, de Melo Franco BDG, Ruiz Martinez RC, Isay Saad SM.Advantageous direct quantification of viable closely related
probiotics in Petit-Suisse cheeses under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions by
propidium monoazide-qPCR. PLoS One. 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.137/journal.pone.
(December 17).
Jamil S, Keer J T, Dockrell HM, Stoker NG, Lucas SB, Chiang TJ, Hussain R.
Use of polymerase chain reaction to assess efficacy of leprosy chemotherapy. The Lancet.1993; 342: 264–268.
McKillip JL, Jaykus L, Drake MA. Nucleic acid persistence of Escherichia coli
O157:H7 in artificially contaminated skim milk. J. Food Prot. 1999; 62 (904): 908.
Meijer A, roholl PJ, Gielis-Proper SK, Meulenberg YF, Osewaarde JM. Chlamydia pneumonia in vitro and in vivo: a critical evaluation of in situ detection methods. Journal of Clinical Pathology.2000; 53: 904–910.
Chan AB, Fox JD. NASBA and other transcription-based amplification methods for
research and diagnostic microbiology. Rev. Med. Microbiol. 1999; 10: 185–196.
Hellyer TJ, Nadeau JG. Strand displacement amplification: a versatile tool for molecular diagnostics. Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn. 2004; 4: 251–261.
Postellec F, Falentin H, Pavan S, Combrisson J, Sohier D. Recent advances in quantitative PCR (qPCR) applications in fold microbiology. Food Microbiol. 2011; 28: 848–861.
Nogva HK, Dromtorp SM, Nissen H, Rudi K. Ethidium monazide for DNA-based differentiation of viable and dead bacteria by 5′ nuclease. PCR BioTech.2003; 810: 804–813
Fittipaldi M, Nocker A, Codony F. Progress in understanding preferential detection
of live cells using viability dyes in combination with DNA amplification. J. Microbiol. Methods. 2012; 91 (2): 276–289.
Rudi K, Moen B, Dromtrop SM, Holck, AL, 2005. Use of ethidium monoazide and PCR in combination for quantification of viable and dead cells in complex samples. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2005; 71: 1018–1024.
Nocker A, Cheung CY, Camper AK. Comparison of propidiummonoazide for differentiation of live vs. dead bacteria by selective removal of DNA from dead cells. J. Microbiol. Methods.2006; 70: 252–260.
Nocker A, Sossa K, Campber AK. Molecular monitoring of disinfection efficacy.
J. Microbiol. Methods.2007a; 70: 252–260.
Gensberger ET, Sessistsch A, Kostic T.Propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for viable Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa detection from abundant background microflora. Ann. Biochem. 2013; 441: 69–72.
Nocker A, Sossa P, Burr M, Camper AK.Use of propidium monoazide for live dead distinction in microbial ecology. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007b; 73: 5111–5117.
Wagner AO, Malin C, Knapp BA, Illmer P.Removal of free extracellular DNA
from environmental samples by ethidium monoazide and propidium monoazide.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.2008; 74: 2537–2539.
Tracy BP, Gaida SM, Papoutsakis ET.Flow cytometry for bacteria: enabling metabolic engineering, synthetic biology and the elucidation of complex phenotypes. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2010; 21: 85–99.
Chen S, Cao Y, Ferguson LR, Shu Q, Garg S. Flow cytometric assessment of
the protectants for enhanced in vitro survival of probiotic lactic acid bacteria through simulated human gastro-intestinal stresses. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2012; 95: 345–356.
Cebra JJ. Influences of microbiota on intestinal immune system development. Am J Clin
Nutr.1999; 69: 1046S-1051S.
Falk PG, Hooper LV, Midtvedt T, Gordon JI .Creating and maintaining the
gastrointestinal ecosystem: what we know and need to know from gnotobiology. Microbiol Mol
Biol Rev.1998; 62: 1157-1170.
Sanderson IR, Walker WA.Uptake and transport of macromolecules by the intestine:
possible role in clinical disorders (an update). Gastroenterology.1993; 104: 622-639.
Strober W, Kelsall B, Marth T. Oral tolerance. J Clin Immunol.1998; 18: 1-30.
Corcionivoschi N, Drinceanu D. Probioticele-la timpul prezent. Editura Mirton,
Timisoara.2009.
Neish AS, Gewirtz AT, Zeng H, Young AN, Hobert ME, Karmali V.
Prokaryotic regulation of epithelial responses by inhibition of IkappaB-alpha ubiquitination. Science. 2000; 289: 1560-1563.
Vinderola G, Matar C, Perdigon G. Role of intestinal epithelial cells in immune effects mediated by gram-positive probiotic bacteria: involvement of toll-like receptors. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2005; 12: 1075-1084.
Russell JB, Mantovani HC. The bacteriocins of ruminal bacteria and their potential as an alternative to antibiotics. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002; 4: 347-355.
Gill HS, Shu Q, Lin H, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. Protection against translocating Salmonella typhimurium infection in mice by feeding the immuno-enhancing probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain HN001. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2001c; 190: 97-104.
Pascual M, Hugas M, Badiola JI, Monfort JM, Garriga M. Lactobacillus salivarius CTC 2197 prevents Salmonella enteritidis colonization in chickens. Appl Environ Microbiol.1999; 65: 4981-4986.
Shin MS, Han SK, Ji AR, Kim KS, Lee WK. Isolation and characterization of bacteriocin-producing bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens for probiotic use. J Appl Microbiol. 2008; 105: 2203-2212.
Petricevic L, Witt A. The role of Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus Lcr35 in restoring
the normal vaginal flora after antibiotic treatment of bacterial vaginosis. BJOG. 2008; 115: 1369-1374.
Savard P, Lamarche B, Paradis ME, Thiboutot H, Laurin E, Roy D. Impact of
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5-containing
yoghurt, on fecal bacterial counts of healthy adults. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2011; 149: 50–57.
Johnston BC, Goldenberg JZ, Vandvik PO, Sun, X, Guyatt GH. Probiotics for the
prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2011; 11,
CD004827, doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004827.pub2.
McFarland, LV. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of traveler’s diarrhea. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 2007; 5: 97–105.
Doron SI, Hibberd PL, Gorbach SL. Probiotics for prevention of antibiotic-associated
diarrhea. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2008; 42: S58–S63.
Gueimonde M, Salminen S. Microbiota of the Intestine: Probiotics. Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, 3rd ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2013; pp. 175–181.
Chmielewska A, Szajewska H. Systematic review of randomised controlled trials: Probiotics for functional constipation. World J. Gastroenterol. 2010; 16: 69–75.
Choi CH, Jo SY, Park HJ, Chang SK, Byeon JS, Myung SJ. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of Saccharomyces boulardii in irritable bowel syndrome: Effect on quality of life. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2011; 45: 679–683.
Guslandi M, Mezzi G, Sorghi M, Testoni PA Saccharomyces boulardii in maintenance
treatment of Crohn’s disease. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2000; 45: 1462–1464.
Guslandi M, Giollo P, Testoni PA. A pilot trial of Saccharomyces boulardii in ulcerative
colitis. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2003; 15: 697–698.
Gueimonde M, Salminen S. Microbiota of the Intestine: Probiotics. Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, 3rd ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2013; pp. 175–181.
Fitzpatrick LR. Probiotics for the treatment of Clostridium difficile associated disease. World J. Gastrointest. Pathophysiol. 2013; 4: 47–52.
Goldenberg JZ, Ma SS, Saxton JD, Martzen MR, Vandvik PO, Thorlund K, Guyatt GH, Johnston BC. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013; 5, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006095.pub3.
Guthmann F, Kluthe C, Buhrer C. Probiotics for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis:
An updated metaanalysis. Klin. Padiatr. 2010; 222: 284–290.
Bernardo WM, Aires FT, Carneiro RM, Sa FP, Rullo VE, Burns DA. Effectiveness of probiotics in the prophylaxis of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Pediatr (Rio. J.) 2013; 89: 18–24.
AlFaleh K, Anabrees J. Efficacy and safety of probiotics in preterm infants. J. Neonatal.
Perinat. Med. 2013; 6: 1–9.
Lee SJ, Bose S, Seo JG,Chung WS, Lim CY,Kim H. The effects of co-administration of probiotics with herbal medicine on obesity, metabolic endotoxemia and dysbiosis: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Clin. Nutr. 2013; doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.12.006
Wong JM, de Souza R, Kendall, CW, Emam A, Jenkins DJ. Colonic health: Fermentation and short chain fatty acids. J. Clin. Gastroent. 2006; 40: 235–243.
Wilhelm SM, Johnson JL, Kale-Pradhan PB. Treating bugs with bugs: The role of
probiotics as adjunctive therapy for Helicobacter pylori. Ann Pharmacother. 2011; 45: 960–966.
Hemsworth JC, Hekmat S, Reid G. Micronutrient supplemented probiotic yogurt for
HIV-infected adults taking HAART in London, Canada. Gut Microbes. 2012; 3: 414–419.
Enos MK, Burton JP, Dols J, Buhulata S, Changalucha J,Reid G. Probiotics and
nutrients for the first 1000 days of life in the developing world. Benef Microbes. 2013 ; 4: 3–16.
Serban DE. Gastrointestinal cancers: Influence of gut microbiota, probiotics and prebiotics.
Cancer Lett. 2013; 345: 258–270.
Orlando A, Russo F. Intestinal microbiota, probiotics and human gastrointestinal cancers.
J. Gastrointest. Cancer. 2013; 44: 121–131.
Zelaya H, Tsukida K, Chiba E, Marranzino G, Alvarez S, Kitazawa H, Aguero G, Villena J. Immunobiotic Lactobacilli reduce viral-associated pulmonary damage through the modulation of inflammation-coagulation interactions. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2014; 19: 161–173.
Kmonickova E, Kverka M, Tlaskalova-Hogenova H, Kostecka P, Zidek Z. Stimulation of nitric oxide, cytokine and prostaglandin production by low-molecular weight fractions of probiotic Lactobacillus casei lysate. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2012; 33: 166–172.
Boyle RJ, Bath Hextall FJ, Leonardi Bee J, Murell DF, Tang ML. Probiotics for the
treatment of eczema: A systematic review. Clin. Exp. Alergy. 2009; 39: 1117–1127.
Azad MB, Coneys JG, Kozyrskyj AL, Field CJ, Ramsey CD, Becker AB, Friesen C,Abou-Setta AM, Zarychanski R. Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy or infancy for the prevention of asthma and wheeze: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013; 347
Elazab N, Mendy A, Gasana J, Vieira ER, Quizon A, Forno E. Probiotic administration in early life, atopy, and asthma: A meta-analysis of clinical trials. Pediatrics. 2013; 132: e666–e676.
Sabina Fijan. Microorganisms with Claimed Probiotic Properties: An Overview of Recent Literature. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2014; 11: 4745-4767. doi:10.3390/ijerph110504745
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
