The Effect of Nutritional State on Immune Response for Adults Patients with Tuberculosis

Abstract

Malnutrition is observed frequently in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), but their nutritional status, especially of micronutrients, is still poorly documented. The objective of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of patients with active TB compared with that of healthy controls in Babylon providence. In a case-control study, 50patients aged 18–75 y with untreated active pulmonary TB was compared with 40 healthy controls. Anthropometric and micronutrient status data were collected. Compared with the controls, TB patients had significantly lower body mass index and concentrations of serum albumin, andplasma zinc and vitamin C. And studying the factors that affecting the cell mediated immunity including phagocytic index, CD56  and IFN-γ for TB patients.Blood samples were collected from patients group and control group to estimate phagocytic index, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), CD56 and Vitamin C by ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) method and to estimate zinc and Albumin level were also estimated by using  spectrophotometer. The cell mediated parameters showing that there is a significantly decreased (p< 0.05) in phagocytosis activity of neutrophils in  TB  patients (6.04%)  compared  to  control group (11.70%)  and there is no significantly increased (p> 0.05) of IFN-γ level in the TB patients (0.159) IU/ml compared  to  control group (0.157) IU/ml .CD56 level in TB patient (78.043)IU/ml compared to control group (74.473) which was with no significantly increased (p > 0.05). The level of zinc in serum is significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the TB patients (51.18) g/dl compared with control (113.44) g/dl and albumin level in serum is a significantly increased (p<0.05) in the TB patients (38.973) g/dl compared with control (50.2) g/dl.

Keywords:  TB. Tuberculosis. IFN-γ. Malnutrition