Studying the Pattern of Phenotypic Resistance to some Antibiotics for Local Isolates of Enterobacter Cloacae and its Evolutionary Relationship with Global Isolates

Abstract

26 isolates of Enterobacter cloacae from 264 specimens from different clinical sources and from inpatients for ages ranged from one Week to 73 years from 15/12/2016 to 18/7/2017collected from two hospitols of AL-Diwaniyah city. The isolation and diagnosis process was based on the results of phenotypic and biochemical tests and the Vitek system .The sensitivity of the isolates for antibiotics were tested against 15 antibiotic using disk diffusion  method , The results showed an absolute resistance (100%) for Amoxicillin, Cephalothine and Doxycycline, while their sensitivity to Amikacin , Gentamicin, Tetracycline, Nitrofurantoin and Nalidixic acid were various, they resisted it at percentage of 11.53 %, 34.61% , 73.07% , 34.61% and 23.07% respectively . For the rest of the Cephalosporin group (Cefoxitin, Cefotaxim and Ceftriaxone) , the isolates were resisted  them with percentage 65.38%, 57.69% and 34.61%, respectively , While   all isolates (100%) were sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Impenem and Meropenem . Twenty-four isolates (92.30%) were able to produce β-lactamase. PCR was used to amplify HSP60 gene which used to determine the sequence of nucleotides and draw the phylogenic tree and find the relationship between the current isolates of this study with global isolates.

Keywords: Enterobacter cloacae, HSP60 gene, PCR, evolutionary relationship.